Abstract
In October 2018, the order Bunyavirales was amended by inclusion of the family Arenaviridae, abolishment of three families, creation of three new families, 19 new genera, and 14 new species, and renaming of three genera and 22 species. This article presents the updated taxonomy of the order Bunyavirales as now accepted by the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV).
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Introduction
The virus order Bunyavirales was established in 2017 to accommodate related viruses with segmented, linear, single-stranded, negative-sense or ambisense RNA genomes classified into nine families [2]. Here, we present the changes that were proposed via an official ICTV taxonomic proposal (TaxoProp 2017.012M.A.v1.Bunyavirales_rev) at http://www.ictvonline.org/ in 2017 and were accepted by the ICTV Executive Committee (EC) in October 2018. These changes are now part of the official ICTV taxonomy as of October 2018.
Taxonomic changes at the order rank
In October 2018, the order Bunyavirales was amended by inclusion of the previously unassigned family Arenaviridae. The families Feraviridae, Jonviridae, and Tospoviridae were dissolved, and their genera (Orthoferavirus, Orthojonvirus, and Orthotospovirus) were renamed (Feravirus, Jonvirus, and Tospovirus, respectively) and moved into established families (Feravirus, Jonvirus→Phasmaviridae and Tospovirus→Peribunyaviridae). Three new families were created for novel invertebrate viruses: Cruliviridae for Wēnlǐng crustacean virus 9 (WlCV-9), Mypoviridae for Húběi myriapoda virus 5 (HbMV-5), and Wupedeviridae for Wǔhàn millipede virus 2 (WhMV-2) [4].
Taxonomic changes at the family rank
Fimoviridae
In 2018, no changes were made at the family rank.
Hantaviridae
In October 2018, the family was expanded by the addition of three new genera (Loanvirus, Mobatvirus, and Thottimvirus) for the species Longquan orthohantavirus, Laibin orthohantavirus, Nova orthohantavirus, Quezon orthohantavirus, Imjin orthohantavirus, and Thottapalayam orthohantavirus (now renamed Longquan loanvirus, Laibin mobatvirus, Nova mobatvirus, Quezon mobatvirus, Imjin thottimvirus, and Thottapalayam thottimvirus, respectively).
Nairoviridae
In October 2018, the family was expanded by the addition of two new genera, Shaspivirus and Striwavirus, for Shāyáng spider virus 1 (SySV-1) and Sānxiá water strider virus 1 (SxWSV-1) discovered in invertebrates, respectively [1, 4].
Peribunyaviridae
In October 2018, the family was expanded by the addition of the new genus Shangavirus for the species Shuangao insect herbevirus (now renamed Insect shangavirus).
Phasmaviridae
In October 2018, the family was expanded by the addition of the new genus Inshuvirus for the species Shuangao insect orthophasmavirus 2 (now renamed Insect inshuvirus) and the new genus Wuhivirus for Wǔhàn insect virus 2 (WhIV-2) discovered in invertebrates [1].
Phenuiviridae
In October 2018, the family was expanded by the addition of the new genus Banyangvirus for the species SFTS phlebovirus (now renamed Huaiyangshan banyangvirus) and the new genera Beidivirus, Horwuvirus, Hudivirus, Hudovirus, Mobuvirus, Pidchovirus, and Wubeivirus for Húběi diptera virus 3 (HbDV-3), Wǔhàn horsefly virus (WhHV), Húběi diptera virus 4 (HbDV-4), Húběi lepidoptera virus 1 (HbLV-1), Mothra virus (MTHV), Pidgey virus (PGYV), and Húběi diptera virus 5 (HbDV-5)/Wǔhàn fly virus 1 (WhFV-1), respectively, discovered in invertebrates [1, 3, 4].
Summary
A summary of the current, ICTV-accepted taxonomy of the order Bunyavirales is presented in Table 1.
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Acknowledgements
We thank Laura Bollinger (NIH/NIAID Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick, Frederick, MD, USA) for critically editing the manuscript.
Funding
This work was supported in part through Battelle Memorial Institute’s prime contract with the US National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) under Contract No. HHSN272200700016I (J.H.K.). This work was also funded in part by National Institutes of Health (NIH) contract HHSN272201000040I/HHSN27200004/D04 and grant R24AI120942 (R.B.T.).
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Michael J. Buchmeier, Rémi N. Charrel, J. Christopher S. Clegg, Juan Carlos de la Torre, Jean-Paul J. Gonzalez, Stephan Günther, Igor S. Lukashevich, Sheli R. Radoshitzky, Víctor Romanowski, Maria S. Salvato, Manuela Sironi, Mark D. Stenglein, Jens H. Kuhn: the members of the 2017–2020 International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) Arenaviridae Study Group; Piet Maes, Scott Adkins, Juan Carlos de la Torre, Sandra Junglen, Amy J. Lambert, Gustavo Palacios, Takahide Sasaya, Yong-Zhen Zhang, Jens H. Kuhn: the members of the 2017–2020 ICTV Bunyavirales Study Group; Michele Digiaro, Toufic Elbeaino, Giovanni P. Martelli, Nicole Mielke-Ehret, Hans-Peter Mühlbach: the members of the 2017–2020 ICTV Fimoviridae Study Group; Piet Maes, Charles H. Calisher, Charles F. Fulhorst, Boris Klempa, Jonas Klingström, Jin-Won Song, Yong-Zhen Zhang: the members of the 2017–2020 ICTV Hantaviridae Study Group; Sergey V. Alkhovsky, Tatjana Avšič-Županc, Dennis A. Bente, Éric Bergeron, Felicity J. Burt, Koray Ergünay, Aura R. Garrison, Roger Hewson, Ali Mirazimi, Gustavo Palacios, Anna Papa, Janusz T. Pawęska, Amadou Alpha Sall, Jessica R. Spengler, Jens H. Kuhn: the members of the 2017–2020 ICTV Nairoviridae Study Group; Scott Adkins, Sergey V. Alkhovsky, Martin Beer, Carol D. Blair, Charles H. Calisher, Amy J. Lambert, Marco Marklewitz, Márcio Roberto Teixeira Nunes, Xiǎohóng Shí: the members of the 2017–2020 ICTV Peribunyaviridae Study Group; Holly R. Hughes, Matthew J. Ballinger, Mike Drebot, Roy A. Hall, Sandra Junglen, Stanley A. Langevin: the members of the 2017–2020 ICTV Phasmaviridae Study Group; Thomas Briese, Rémi N. Charrel, Xavier de Lamballerie, Hideki Ebihara, George Fú Gāo, Martin H. Groschup, Márcio Roberto Teixeira Nunes, Gustavo Palacios, Takahide Sasaya, Jin-Won Song: the members of the 2017–2020 ICTV Phenuiviridae Study Group; Il Ryong Choi, Anne-Lise Haenni, Miranda Gilda Jonson, Takahide Sasaya, Yukio Shirako, Tàiyún Wèi, Xueping Zhou: the members of the 2017–2020 ICTV Tenuivirus Study Group; Scott Adkins, Amy J. Lambert, Rayapati Naidu, Renato O. Resende, Massimo Turina, Anna E. Whitfield: the members of the 2017–2020 ICTV Tospovirus Study Group; Peter Simmonds: the 2017–2020 ICTV Chair of the Fungal and Protist Viruses Subcommittee; F. Murilo Zerbini: the 2017–2020 ICTV Chair of the Plant Viruses Subcommittee; the 2017–2020 ICTV Chair of the Animal dsRNA and ssRNA- Viruses Subcommittee.
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Maes, P., Adkins, S., Alkhovsky, S.V. et al. Taxonomy of the order Bunyavirales: second update 2018. Arch Virol 164, 927–941 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00705-018-04127-3
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00705-018-04127-3